Descr: Calibration of regional seismic stations in the Middle East will be done with shots in Turkey. In the first part of this project, a two-ton shot will be fired in boreholes near the Keskin array (an IMS station) in central Turkey for calibration of stations within 300-1000 km, including IRIS and IMS stations. PASSCAL instruments will be used to fill the gaps between existing permament stations. These will enable us determine crustal structure and attenuation along selected profiles. (DOE#DE-FC03-01SF22398)